Telephone cord from jack to the power adapter. The cord you're asking about goes between the power adapter and the conference unit. Therefore the cord carries both the power and the telephone signal. Read the user guide.
User guide refers to it as a "cable" does not say anything else about what type of cable to how to replace.
Called Polycom tech support and they have no idea if a Cat5 cable can be used for the cord either.
Can't tell if this is a specialized cable or a standard cable.
If you know, please tell me.