I could try and explain the physics, but this is not that kind of forum. If you think that "fuses" are designed to operate (open) when a current carrying circuit exceeds the current rating of the fuse and "surge" suppressors are designed to shunt a voltage that exceeds the designed operating voltage to ground, you may get the complicated reasoning behind short circuit protection and lightning or surge protection.
ANY manufacturer that dares to put "lightning protection" as an attribute to their "protectors" is asking for a world of damage claims. As I must reiterate, there is NOTHING in this world that can contain a direct lightning strike. A fuse just can't operate fast enough, but diode like protection devices can. The Porta Systems uses TVSS (Transient Voltage Surge Suppressor) solid state devices to protect the circuit. When they "operate" they are done, forever.
Click Here.
For a detailed synopsis of lightning protection,
Click Here The physics of explaining how lightning reacts in air verses on a conductor is complicated and, as I stated, beyond the scope of this forum. Read the information in the links and you may get a better understanding of the issue.
Rcaman